@article {,
	title = {Ginkgo: A Modern Linear Operator Algebra Framework for High Performance Computing},
	journal = {ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022-03},
	pages = {1 - 33},
	abstract = {In this article, we present Ginkgo, a modern C++ math library for scientific high performance computing. While classical linear algebra libraries act on matrix and vector objects, Ginkgo{\textquoteright}s design principle abstracts all functionality as {\textquotedblleft}linear operators,{\textquotedblright} motivating the notation of a {\textquotedblleft}linear operator algebra library.{\textquotedblright} Ginkgo{\textquoteright}s current focus is oriented toward providing sparse linear algebra functionality for high performance graphics processing unit (GPU) architectures, but given the library design, this focus can be easily extended to accommodate other algorithms and hardware architectures. We introduce this sophisticated software architecture that separates core algorithms from architecture-specific backends and provide details on extensibility and sustainability measures. We also demonstrate Ginkgo{\textquoteright}s usability by providing examples on how to use its functionality inside the MFEM and deal.ii finite element ecosystems. Finally, we offer a practical demonstration of Ginkgo{\textquoteright}s high performance on state-of-the-art GPU architectures.},
	issn = {0098-3500},
	doi = {10.1145/3480935},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3480935},
	author = {Anzt, Hartwig and Cojean, Terry and Flegar, Goran and G{\"o}bel, Fritz and Gr{\"u}tzmacher, Thomas and Nayak, Pratik and Ribizel, Tobias and Tsai, Yuhsiang Mike and Quintana-Ort{\'\i}, Enrique S}
}
@inproceedings {,
	title = {Porting Sparse Linear Algebra to~Intel GPUs},
	journal = {Euro-Par 2021: Parallel Processing Workshops},
	volume = {13098},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022-06},
	pages = {57 - 68},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Lisbon, Portugal},
	abstract = {With discrete Intel GPUs entering the high performance computing landscape, there is an urgent need for production-ready software stacks for these platforms. In this paper, we report how we prepare the Ginkgo math library for Intel GPUs by developing a kernel backed based on the DPC++ programming environment. We discuss conceptual differences to the CUDA and HIP programming models and describe workflows for simplified code conversion. We benchmark advanced sparse linear algebra routines utilizing the converted kernels to assess the efficiency of the DPC++ backend in the hardware-specific performance bounds. We compare the performance of basic building blocks against routines providing the same functionality that ship with Intel{\textquoteright}s oneMKL vendor library.},
	keywords = {Ginkgo, Intel GPUs, math library, oneAPI, SpMV},
	isbn = {978-3-031-06155-4},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-06156-1_5},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-06156-1_5},
	author = {Tsai, Yuhsiang M. and Cojean, Terry and Anzt, Hartwig},
	editor = {Chaves, Ricardo and B. Heras, Dora and Ilic, Aleksandar and Unat, Didem and Badia, Rosa M. and Bracciali, Andrea and Diehl, Patrick and Dubey, Anshu and Sangyoon, Oh and L. Scott, Stephen and Ricci, Laura}
}
@article {,
	title = {Providing performance portable numerics for Intel GPUs},
	journal = {Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022-10},
	abstract = {With discrete Intel GPUs entering the high-performance computing landscape, there is an urgent need for production-ready software stacks for these platforms. In this article, we report how we enable the Ginkgo math library to execute on Intel GPUs by developing a kernel backed based on the DPC++ programming environment. We discuss conceptual differences between the CUDA and DPC++ programming models and describe workflows for simplified code conversion. We evaluate the performance of basic and advanced sparse linear algebra routines available in Ginkgo{\textquoteright}s DPC++ backend in the hardware-specific performance bounds and compare against routines providing the same functionality that ship with Intel{\textquoteright}s oneMKL vendor library.},
	keywords = {Ginkgo, Intel GPUs, math library, oneAPI, SpMV},
	issn = {1532-0626},
	doi = {10.1002/cpe.7400},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cpe.7400},
	author = {Tsai, Yu-Hsiang M. and Cojean, Terry and Anzt, Hartwig}
}
@article {,
	title = {A survey of numerical linear algebra methods utilizing mixed-precision arithmetic},
	journal = {The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications},
	volume = {35},
	number = {4},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {344{\textendash}369},
	abstract = {The efficient utilization of mixed-precision numerical linear algebra algorithms can offer attractive acceleration to scientific computing applications. Especially with the hardware integration of low-precision special-function units designed for machine learning applications, the traditional numerical algorithms community urgently needs to reconsider the floating point formats used in the distinct operations to efficiently leverage the available compute power. In this work, we provide a comprehensive survey of mixed-precision numerical linear algebra routines, including the underlying concepts, theoretical background, and experimental results for both dense and sparse linear algebra problems.},
	keywords = {GPUs, High-performance computing, linear algebra, Mixed-precision arithmetic, numerical mathematics},
	doi = {10.1177/10943420211003313},
	author = {Abdelfattah, Ahmad and Anzt, Hartwig and Boman, Erik G and Carson, Erin and Cojean, Terry and Jack Dongarra and Fox, Alyson and Mark Gates and Higham, Nicholas J and Li, Xiaoye S and others}
}
